Fall Color Report: Week of November 2, 2009

Howie Neufeld, Ph.D.
Professor of Plant Physiology
Appalachian State University
http://www.appstate.edu/~neufeldhs

They say you really don't know how good you had it until what you had is gone. And now, here in the northwest mountains of North Carolina, we're reflecting on what we had—an all too-brief, yet spectacular, fall color season. In the higher peaks, just the russet-red and brown oaks are still showing color, along with Bartlett pears, which remarkably, are one of the latest turning trees in this area. A drive down U.S. 421 towards Wilkesboro showed some improvement in color, with more bright yellow birches, maples, and tulip poplars, but even along this corridor, the peak had passed.

Farther south, Asheville appears to be your best bet for mountain fall colors. The higher elevations along the Blue Ridge Parkway are passed their peak, but down around the city, they are still quite showy. The Asheville Area Fall Color Report, with reports from the Biltmore Estate and other leaf lookers in the Asheville area, is a great resource for local color, drives and hikes. Right now, the oaks and hickories are peaking, with their yellows, reds and browns, along with red sourwoods, the occasional late maple, and deeply red black gums.

It's almost over in the Cullowhee/Sylva area, according to Kathy Mathews, from Western Carolina University. The mountainsides are looking very faded, but the leaves haven't all fallen yet. Down in the valleys there are still trees here and there with bright yellows and reds. Farther to the south, in Franklin, much the same story, according to Beverly Collins.

Continuing to the Cashiers-Highlands area, the leaves are pretty far gone, particularly around Highlands. However, lower down, and in sheltered areas like the Tuckasegee Gorge between Cullowhee & Glenville, there are still scattered lovely trees—esp. hickories, russet-red oaks, scattered colorful maples, and sourwoods, according to Jim Costa. Oddly, a few small ones are still green—some maples and black locusts. Higher up most of the trees are bare, except for smaller individuals—maybe they are more sheltered. As recently as last week in the Smokies, the colors were fabulous, even fairly high up—lovely golden beeches and maples. However, the weekend rain and wind has knocked most of the leaves off now there as well around the Cullowhee, Cashiers, and Highlands regions over the past few days. Sorry for that, but as you know, we can complain all we want about the weather, but we can't do much about it!

In summary, there is will still be some good color this coming week, but not for much longer. So take a drive in the southern mountains this week, and soak in the last of the fall color for this season! Happy Driving and Hiking and Looking!

And don't forget my blog at http://www.fallcolorguy.blogspot.com.

2009 Fall Color Peak Map

This map above gives an estimation of the timing of fall color peaks for the various regions of North Carolina. Learn more

Related links
  • Fall Color Blog - Official blog of the Fall Color Guy.
  • Weekly Fall Color Reports - Presented by the North Carolina Department of Commerce, Division of Tourism, Film and Sports Development. If you want to see where fall colors will peak at particular times during the fall, click on the Fall Color Forecaster Map. Slide the leaf along the dates at the bottom. As you move through the dates, the map will highlight those parts of the state coming into peak color, followed by a browning, which indicates they are past their peak.
  • Fall Foliage Facts - Information courtesy of NCNatural. (Note: Discount the statement that the fall colors have no function!!)
  • Hamilton's Fall - By Carl Zimmer, Discover, 18 December 2003.
  • Leaves' Fall Colors Have "Dirty" Secret, Study Finds - by Richard A. Lovett, National Geographic News, 30 October 2007. Includes information from Emily Habinck's undergraduate research project at University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
  • The United States National Arboretum: The Science of Color in Autumn Leaves
  • USA National Phenology Network - This new website, published by the USGS, tracks phenological changes in plants and animals across the United States. Phenology is the study of the timing of life cycle events in plants and animals, so the timing of fall color would be one example of a phenological event. The purpose of this site is to determine if phenologies are changing in response to global warming.
  • Why Leaves Change Color - Information from the U.S. Forest Service.
Fall Color Plants
  • American Ash
    Fraxinus americana
    Burgundy and yellow
  • American Beech
    Fagus grandifolia
    Yellow
  • Bald Cypress
    Taxodium distichum
    Rust
  • Black Cherry
    Prunus serotina
    Red, orange
  • Black Gum
    Nyssa sylvatica
    Blaze orange, wine red
  • Black Locust
    Robinia pseudoacacia
    Yellow
  • Black Oak
    Q. velutina
    Orange-red
  • Chestnut
    Castanea dentata
    Yellow
  • Chestnut Oak
    Quercus prinus
    Yellow / rust
  • Flowering Dogwood
    Cornus florida
    Deep red / burgundy
  • Fraser Magnolia
    Magnolia fraseri
    Chocolate brown
  • Hobblebush
    Viburnum lantanoides
    Red
  • Hop Hornbeam
    Ostrya virginiana
    Yellow
  • Huckleberries
    Gaylussacia sp.
    Bright red to burgundy
  • Mountain Ash
    Sorbus americana
    Dull red / yellow
  • Oriental Bittersweet
    Celastrus orbiculatus
    Vibrant yellow
  • Other Vaccinium species
    Vaccinium sp.
    Bright red to burgundy
  • Pignut Hickory
    Carya glabra
    Yellow / brown
  • Pin oak
    Quercus palustris
    Rust
  • Red Maple
    Acer rubrum
    Red
  • Red Oak
    Quercus rubra
    Red, yellow, and brown
  • River Birch
    Betula nigra
    Yellow
  • Scarlet Oak
    Q. coccinea
    Red
  • Sourwood
    Oxydendrum arboreum
    Red
  • Sugar Maple
    Acer saccharum
    Red and orange
  • Sweetgum
    Liquidambar styraciflua
    Burgundy, yellow, orange, purple
  • Sycamore
    Platanus occidentalis
    Yellow
  • Tulip Poplar
    Liriodendron tulipifera
    Yellow
  • Virginia Creeper
    Parthenocissus quinquefolia
    Red
  • Water Tupelo
    Nyssa aquatica
    Yelow
  • Winged Euonymus
    Euonymus alatus
    Bright red
  • Winged Sumac
    Rhus copallinum
    Red
  • Yellow Birch
    Betula alleghaniensis
    Yellow
  • Yellow Buckeye
    Aesculus octandra
    Yellow
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Page last updated: November 2, 2009